Chain of Title

In depth

Chain of title is the documented succession of owners from the original grant to the current owner. A clean chain shows unbroken transfers, with each grantor in one deed appearing as grantee in the prior deed. Misconception: gaps in the chain are not always fatal; they can often be cured through quiet title actions, affidavits of heirship, or curative deeds. Practically, title companies trace chains for at least 40 to 60 years, depending on state marketable record title acts. Seller-financed buyers should review the title commitment and ask about any breaks. Recorded memoranda, leases, and easements all become part of the chain. Buyers should always require title insurance because it shifts the risk of historical defects from the buyer to the insurer.